Political coup, terrorist acts and military conflicts as global security factors affecting tourism

Abstract

he purpose of the article was to analyze the impact of political coups, terrorist acts and military conflicts, as global security factors, on the tourism sphere. The article examines the dynamics of changes in tourist flows of different countries due to the influence of geopolitical instability, analyzes the reasons that hinder the development of tourism due to the influence of political coups, terrorist acts and military actions. The impact of political coups on tourist flows is characterized using the example of Middle Eastern countries, the negative consequences for the tourist industry of terrorist attacks using the example of the USA, France, and wars and military conflicts using the example of African countries, Georgia, and Ukraine. A special place in the article is devoted to the impact of the war on tourism in Ukraine, because military actions continue to this day and cause significant damage not only to the tourism industry, but also to all spheres of the economy. Geopolitical instability has been found to have a negative impact on the tourism industry and lead to a decrease or change in tourist flows in countries experiencing political upheavals, acts of terrorism, and especially hostilities and wars. It was found that in periods of increased danger, the intensity of tourist trips in and outside the countries tends to decrease sharply, and the issue of the safety of tourists always remains relevant and requires significant attention of tourism enterprises.